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Clindamycin has been shown to be effective in the treatment of the following infections when caused by susceptible anaerobic bacteria; susceptible strains of gram positive aerobic bacteria such as streptococci, staphylococci and pneumococci; and susceptible strains of Chlamydia trachomatis.
(a) Upper respiratory infections including tonsillitis, pharyngitis, sinusitis, otitis media and scarlet fever.
(b) Lower respiratory infections including bronchitis, pneumonia, empyema and lung abscess.
(c) Skin and soft tissue infections including acne, furuncles, cellulitis, impetigo, abscesses, and wound infections, specific skin and soft tissue infections caused by susceptible organisms like erysipelas and paronychia (panaritium).
(d) Bone and joint infections including osteomyelitis and septic arthritis.
(e) Gynecological infections including endometritis, cellulitis, vaginal cuff infection and tubo-ovarian abscess, salpingitis, and pelvic inflammatory disease when given in conjunction with an antibiotic of appropriate gram negative spectrum. In cases of cervicitis due to Chlamydia trachomatis, single drug therapy with clindamycin has been shown to be effective in eradicating the organism.
(f) Intra-abdominal infections including peritonitis and abdominal abscess when given in conjunction with an antibiotic of appropriate gram negative aerobic spectrum.
(g) Septicemia and endocarditis - The effectiveness of clindamycin in the treatment of selected cases of endocarditis has been documented when clindamycin is determined to be bactericidal to the infecting organism by in vitro testing of appropriate achievable serum concentrations.
(h) Dental infections such as periodontal abscess and periodontitis.
(i) Toxoplasmic encephalitis in patients with AIDS. In patients who are intolerant to conventional treatment, clindamycin in combination with pyrimethamine has been shown to be efficacious.
(j) Pneumocystis jiroveci (previously classified as Pneumocystis carinii) pneumonia in patients with AIDS. In patients who are intolerant to, or do not respond adequately to conventional treatment, clindamycin may be used in combination with primaquine.
Clindamycin phosphate, when used concurrently with an aminoglycoside antibiotic such as gentamicin or tobramycin, has been shown to be effective in preventing peritonitis or intra-abdominal abscess after bowel perforation and bacterial contamination secondary to trauma.
In-vitro susceptibility to clindamycin has been shown for the following organisms: B. melaninogenicus, B.disiens, B. bivius, Peptostreptococcus spp., G. vaginalis, M. mulieris, M. curtisii, and Mycoplasma hominis.
